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Siegismund galileo biography
His inventions, from compasses and balances to improved telescopes and microscopes, revolutionized astronomy and biology. His penchant for thoughtful and inventive experimentation pushed the scientific method toward its modern form. In his conflict with the Church, Galileo was also largely vindicated. Enlightenment thinkers like Voltaire used tales of his trial often in simplified and exaggerated form to portray Galileo as a martyr for objectivity.
You can opt out at any time. You must be 16 years or older and a resident of the United States. A simple glass-bulb thermometer known as a Galileo thermometer wasn't invented by Galileo, but was based on his understanding that the density of liquids changes based on its temperature. A thermoscope that Galileo designed or helped to design is similar to modern-day thermometers.
Inside the thermoscope, a liquid rises and falls in a glass tube as the temperature of the liquid rises or falls. After Galileo built his telescope in , he began mounting a body of evidence and openly supporting the Copernican theory that the earth and planets revolve around the sun. The Copernican theory, however, challenged the doctrine of Aristotle and the established order set by the Catholic Church.
In , Galileo wrote a letter to a student to explain how Copernican theory did not contradict Biblical passages, stating that scripture was written from an earthly perspective and implied that science provided a different, more accurate perspective. The letter was made public and Church Inquisition consultants pronounced Copernican theory heretical.
Galileo obeyed the order for seven years, partly to make life easier and partly because he was a devoted Catholic.
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He allowed Galileo to pursue his work on astronomy and even encouraged him to publish it, on condition it be objective and not advocate Copernican theory. Church reaction was swift, and Galileo was summoned to Rome. During most of this time, Galileo was treated with respect and never imprisoned. However, in a final attempt to break him, Galileo was threatened with torture, and he finally admitted he had supported Copernican theory, but privately held that his statements were correct.
He was convicted of heresy and spent his remaining years under house arrest. Though ordered not to have any visitors nor have any of his works printed outside of Italy, he ignored both.
In , a French translation of his study of forces and their effects on matter was published, and a year later, copies of the Dialogue were published in Holland. By this time, Galileo had become blind and was in poor health. In , it lifted the ban on most works supporting Copernican theory. It wasn't until that the Vatican dropped its opposition to heliocentrism altogether.
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He was born on February 15, , in the city of Pisa, into a noble but impoverished family. His father, Vincenzo Galilei, was a talented musician and composer, but art did not provide enough income, so he supplemented his earnings with cloth trading. Galileo lived in Pisa until the age of eleven, where he attended school, and then moved with his family to Florence.
There, he continued his education at a Benedictine monastery, studying grammar, arithmetic, rhetoric, and other subjects. At the age of seventeen, Galileo enrolled at the University of Pisa to pursue a career in medicine. Due to financial constraints, he had to leave the university and return to Florence.
It was here that Galileo began studying mathematics and physics.
Short galileo biography: Galileo was a natural philosopher, astronomer, and mathematician who made fundamental contributions to the sciences of. He also made revolutionary telescopic discoveries, including the four largest moons of Jupiter. What did Galileo invent? Galileo invented an early type of.
In , he wrote his first scientific work, "Little Hydrostatic Weights". In , Galileo obtained a professorship in mathematics at the University of Pisa, where he taught mathematics and astronomy. During this time, he conducted experiments by dropping various objects from the inclined Tower of Pisa to test Aristotle's theory that heavier objects fall faster than lighter ones.
His experiments proved this theory to be false. In , Galileo constructed his first telescope, an optical system consisting of convex and concave lenses, and began systematic astronomical observations.