Roman general flavius silva
His life after his second consulate is unknown. After the death of emperor Titus , it is possible Silva fell victim to Domitian 's reign of terror which purged popular generals whom the emperor saw as rivals. Falling into disfavour, Silva's accomplishments were erased from Roman archives in what Romans called damnatio memoriae.
In October , Hungarian archaeologist Dr. Tibor Grull published an article about a stone tablet unearthed in near the Temple Mount in Jerusalem. The Latin inscription on the tablet describes Silva as the victor of Masada. It is believed the tablet was part of the Roman restoration of Jerusalem after Rome's victory. Contents move to sidebar hide.
Flavius silva wikipedia
Article Talk. Read Edit View history. Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. In other projects. Wikidata item. Early life and career [ edit ]. Siege of Masada [ edit ]. Silva was the commander of the army, composed mainly of the Legio X Fretensis, in 72 AD which laid siege to the near-impregnable mountain fortress of Masada, occupied by a group of Jewish rebels called the Sicarii.
The siege ended in 73 AD with Silva's forces breaching the defenses of the Masada plateau and the mass suicide of the Sicarii, who preferred death to defeat or capture. Silva's actions are documented by 1st-century Jewish-Roman historian Josephus, the remains of a 1st-century Roman victory arch identified in Jerusalem in , and the extensive earthworks at the Masada site, a monument to the high-water mark of Roman siege warfare.
The Sicarii were commanded by Eleazar ben Ya'ir , [ 5 ] and in 70 AD they were joined by additional Sicarii and their families expelled from Jerusalem by the Jewish population with whom the Sicarii were in conflict. Shortly thereafter, following the Roman siege of Jerusalem and subsequent destruction of the Second Temple , additional members of the Sicarii and many Jewish families fled Jerusalem and settled on the mountaintop, with the Sicarii using it as a refuge and base for raiding the surrounding countryside.
According to modern interpretations of Josephus, the Sicarii were an extremist splinter group of the Zealots and were equally antagonistic to both Romans and other Jewish groups.
Flavius silva masada
According to Josephus, on Passover, the Sicarii raided Ein Gedi , a nearby Jewish settlement, and killed of its inhabitants. Archaeology indicates that the Sicarii modified some of the structures they found at Masada. These include a building that was modified to function as a synagogue. It may in fact have been a synagogue to begin with, although it did not contain a mikvah or the benches found in other early synagogues.
In 72 AD, the Roman governor of Judaea, Lucius Flavius Silva , led Roman legion X Fretensis , a number of auxiliary units and Jewish prisoners of war, totaling some 15, men and women, of whom an estimated 8, to 9, were fighting men, [ 15 ] to lay siege to the people in Masada. The Roman legion surrounded Masada and built a circumvallation wall, before commencing construction of a siege ramp against the western face of the plateau, moving thousands of tons of stones and beaten earth to do so.
Josephus does not record any attempts by the Sicarii to counterattack the besiegers during this process, a significant difference from his accounts of other sieges of the war.
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The ramp was completed in the spring of 73, after probably two to three months of siege. A giant siege tower with a battering ram was constructed and moved laboriously up the completed ramp, while the Romans assaulted the wall, discharging "a volley of blazing torches against When the Romans entered the fortress, they found it to be "a citadel of death".
According to Josephus, "The Jews hoped that all of their nation beyond the Euphrates would join together with them to raise an insurrection", but in the end there were only Jewish Zealots who fought the Roman army at Masada. The Masada site was extensively excavated between and by an expedition led by Israeli archaeologist and former military Chief-of-Staff Yigael Yadin.
According to Shaye Cohen , archaeology shows that Josephus' account is "incomplete and inaccurate" and contradicted by the "skeletons in the cave, and the numerous separate fires". The Romans were in no mood to take prisoners and massacred all whom they found. According to Kenneth Atkinson, there is no "archaeological evidence that Masada's defenders committed mass suicide.
According to archaeologist Eric H. Cline , Josephus' narrative is impossible because the Romans would have immediately pressed their advantage, leaving no time for Eleazar's speech or the mass suicides. Instead, Cline proposes that the defenders were massacred by Romans. The siege of Masada and the resulting Masada myth is often revered in modern Israel as "a symbol of Jewish heroism".
To Israel, it symbolized the courage of the warriors of Masada, the strength they showed when they were able to keep hold of Masada for almost three years, and their choice of death over slavery in their struggle against an aggressive empire. Masada had become "the performance space of national heritage", the site of military ceremonies. Contents move to sidebar hide.
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Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. As the tower begins moving up the ramp, Eleazar has his people build "an inner wall that will absorb the blows of the ram and not shatter. Made from wooden beams from Herod's Palace roof and packed with dirt, they finish it just as the tower reaches the top of the ramp. The Romans quickly break through the stone walls of the fortress, but the ram does nothing against the improvised inner wall.
As the wall is made partly of wood, Silva orders his men to set fire to it.
Lucius flavius silva: Lucius Flavius Silva Nonius Bassus was a late-1st-century Roman general, governor of the province of Iudaea and consul. [1] Silva was the commander of the army, composed mainly of the Legio X Fretensis, in 72 AD that laid siege to the near-impregnable mountain fortress of Masada, occupied by a group of Jewish rebels dubbed the Sicarii by.
Deducing that it would take all night for the wall to burn through, Silva has his men stand down. The rest of the night is tense for both sides, as the fitful wind may as easily spread the blaze to the siege tower as burn down the inner wall. The next day, the Romans break into the fortress, only to discover that Eleazar and his people had all committed suicide during the night.
The closing line is said by a dispirited and despondent Silva, who mourns all that has been hoped and planned and lost by both sides whilst fighting for "a rock, in the middle of a wasteland, on the shore of a poisoned sea Masada was filmed on location at the site of the ancient fortress, in the Judean Desert , Israel.
Remains of a ramp, created during the filming to simulate the ramp built by the Romans to take the fortress, can be seen at the site.
ABC, concerned that the audience would be unfamiliar with the historical background of the story, commissioned a minute documentary, Back To Masada. The network gave the documentary to its affiliates to run in the weeks before the premiere of the miniseries. Because of myriad production delays, Goldsmith was forced to move on to other previously contracted scoring commitments.
In , Intrada Records issued a 2-CD set of the original recording of the complete score. In , a more expansive 4-CD set was released, with alternates, unreleased material, and the original album version. As was the case with Shogun , an edited, feature film -length version of the miniseries was made for theatrical release in other countries under the title The Antagonists.
This was the version that was initially available on home video. The complete Masada miniseries first made it to the video market on four VHS tapes in Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk.
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Read Edit View history. Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. In other projects. Wikidata item. Smith David Warner. Jerry Goldsmith episodes 1 and 2, Morton Stevens episodes 3 and 4, George Eckstein Jennings Lang. Edwin F.