Biography synonym
During his lectureship at the university — , Chebyshev also taught practical mechanics at the Alexander Lyceum in Tsarskoe Selo now Pushkin , a southern suburb of St Petersburg. His scientific achievements were the reason for his election as junior academician adjunkt in Later, he became an extraordinary and in an ordinary member of the Imperial Academy of Sciences.
Biography examples for students: Pafnuty Lvovich Chebyshev (Russian: Пафну́тий Льво́вич Чебышёв, IPA: [pɐfˈnutʲɪj ˈlʲvovʲɪtɕ tɕɪbɨˈʂof]) (16 May [O.S. 4 May] – 8 December [O.S. 26 November] ) [3] was a Russian mathematician and considered to be the founding father of Russian mathematics.
In the same year he became an honorary member of Moscow University. He accepted other honorary appointments and was decorated several times. In , Chebyshev became a member of the scientific committee of the ministry of national education. In , he became an ordinary member of the ordnance department of the academy with the adoption of the headship of the commission for mathematical questions according to ordnance and experiments related to ballistics.
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The Paris academy elected him corresponding member in and full foreign member in In , he was elected honorable member of the St. Petersburg Mathematical Society , which had been founded three years earlier. Chebyshev died in St Petersburg on 8 December Chebyshev is known for his work in the fields of probability , statistics , mechanics , and number theory.
The Chebyshev inequality is used to prove the weak law of large numbers. Chebyshev is also known for the Chebyshev polynomials and the Chebyshev bias — the difference between the number of primes that are congruent to 3 modulo 4 and 1 modulo 4. Chebyshev was the first person to think systematically in terms of random variables and their moments and expectations.
Chebyshev is considered to be a founding father of Russian mathematics. According to the Mathematics Genealogy Project , Chebyshev has 17, mathematical "descendants" as of January The lunar crater Chebyshev and the asteroid Chebyshev were named to honor his major achievements in the mathematical realm. Contents move to sidebar hide.
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Pafnuty chebyshev biography definition
Tools Tools. However following the Russian victory over Napoleon there was the westernising movement in the country which we mentioned above. Alexander I, the emperor of Russia, saw the universities as the breeding grounds for what he considered as dangerous doctrines coming from western Europe and the universities were put under pressure in the s to dismiss staff who taught such doctrines.
A new minister of education was appointed in under Nicholas I, who had become Russian emperor in , and he promoted a freer intellectual atmosphere in the universities but on the other hand children of the lower classes were excluded. At Moscow University the person who was to influence Chebyshev most was Nikolai Dmetrievich Brashman who had been professor of applied mathematics at the university since Brashman was particularly interested in mechanics but his interests were wide ranging and, in addition to courses on mechanical engineering and hydraulics, he taught his students the theory of integration of algebraic functions and the calculus of probability.
Chebyshev always acknowledged the great influence Brashman had been on him while studying at university, and credited him as the main influence in directing his research interests, referring to their "precious personal talks". The department of physics and mathematics in which Chebyshev studied announced a prize competition for the year - The paper was not published at the time although it was published in the s and it was awarded only second prize in the competition rather than the Gold Medal it almost certainly deserved.
Chebyshev graduated with his first degree in and continued to study for his Master's degree under Brashman 's supervision. Once, much later in his career, Chebyshev objected to being described as a "splendid Russian mathematician" and said that surely he was a "world-wide mathematician" rather than a Russian mathematician.
It is very clear that right from the time he began his studies for his Master's degree that Chebyshev aimed at international recognition. His very first paper was written in French and was on multiple integrals. He submitted the paper to Liouville in late and the paper appeared in Liouville 's journal in It contains a formula which is stated without proof and the following paper in the first part of volume 8 of the journal contains a proof of the formula given by Catalan.
In [ 12 ] the authors suggest that Chebyshev may have visited Paris in accompanying the Russian geographer Chikhachev who certainly met Catalan who assisted Liouville in producing his journal in December of that year. There is no conclusive evidence, but it must be highly likely that if Chebyshev did not personally visit Paris in then he sent his paper to Liouville via Chikhachev.
Chebyshev continued to aim at international recognition with his second paper, written again in French, appearing in published by Crelle in his journal. You could not be signed in, please check and try again.
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